Operation Riviresa
Beginning in 1995, government forces launched Operation Riviresa. The campaign resulted in the recapture of Jaffna town and much of the Jaffna Peninsula.
The Vanni
Although government forces controlled Jaffna, the LTTE retained substantial territory in the Vanni. The organisation continued to maintain military capabilities and launched attacks against government positions.
Operation Jayasikurui
In 1997, the Government launched Operation Jayasikurui with the objective of establishing a land route between government-controlled areas and Jaffna. The operation continued for several years before being abandoned.
Elephant Pass
The LTTE attack on Elephant Pass in 2000 demonstrated its ability to conduct large-scale conventional military operations and significantly altered the military balance.
Continuing violence
The conflict continued through bombings, assassinations, naval engagements and military offensives. Civilians continued to bear a major part of the consequences.
Historical note
This page is intended as a historical archive. Events involving the LTTE, government forces, civilians and other actors are presented separately where possible. Where casualty figures or historical interpretations are disputed, the page avoids presenting one estimate as unquestionable fact.